In the face of unexpected situations, it’s valuable to possess the knowledge of how to repurpose common household items for survival purposes. From repurposing a plastic water bottle as a make-shift container to using cotton balls as tinder, these everyday objects hold untapped potential when it comes to survival. By learning the process of transforming ordinary items, you can enhance your resourcefulness and preparedness for any circumstances that may arise.
Water
Purifying water with bleach
If you find yourself in a situation where clean drinking water is scarce, you can use bleach as a method for purifying water. Bleach contains powerful chemicals that can kill harmful microorganisms and make the water safe to drink. The recommended ratio is 8 drops of regular, unscented bleach per gallon of water. Mix the bleach thoroughly and let it stand for at least 30 minutes before consuming. It’s important to use bleach without any additives or scents, as these can be harmful if ingested in large quantities.
Filtering water with a coffee filter
Coffee filters can serve as a handy tool for filtering water and removing impurities. To use a coffee filter for water filtration, simply pour the water through the filter and into a clean container. The coffee filter will capture large particles and sediment, leaving you with cleaner water. While this method is effective for removing visible contaminants, it may not eliminate all bacteria or viruses present in the water. It’s always best to combine this method with other purification techniques for optimal results.
Collecting rainwater with a tarp
In survival situations, collecting rainwater can be a lifesaver. All you need is a tarp, some paracord or rope, and a container to catch the water. Set up the tarp by tying the corners to trees or any tall objects. Make sure the tarp is slightly angled towards your catch container to direct the flow of water. As the rain falls, the tarp will collect and channel the water into the container. This method is an excellent way to secure a clean water source when other options are limited.
Creating a solar still
A solar still is a simple yet effective way to extract clean water from dirty or saltwater sources. To create a solar still, dig a hole in the ground and place a container at the bottom. Surround the container with damp vegetation or urine-soaked soil to increase water vapor production. Cover the hole with plastic wrap, securing the edges with rocks or dirt. As the sun heats the ground, water evaporates and condenses on the plastic, dripping into the container. This process provides a source of potable water, even in arid environments.
DIY water purification system
For a more comprehensive water purification solution, you can create your own DIY water purification system using readily available materials. One such system involves using layers of gravel, sand, and activated charcoal to filter water. The gravel layer removes larger particles, while the sand layer removes smaller impurities. The final activated charcoal layer absorbs harmful chemicals and toxins. By pouring water through this system in a controlled manner, you can significantly improve its quality and safety for drinking.
Fire
Using a battery and foil
If you find yourself without matches or a lighter, you can still start a fire using a battery and foil. Simply take a piece of foil and create a small, flat strip. Connect one end of the foil to the positive terminal of the battery and touch the other end to the negative terminal. This will create a small spark that can ignite dry tinder, such as paper or small twigs. It’s important to exercise caution when using this method and ensure you have a safe fire pit and materials ready before attempting to start a fire.
Making charcloth
Charcloth is a traditional fire-starting material that can be easily made at home. To create charcloth, cut a piece of 100% cotton fabric into small squares or rectangles. Place the fabric pieces in a metal tin and tightly seal the lid. Make a small hole in the tin to allow gases to escape. Put the tin on a flame, such as a campfire or gas stove, and wait for the fabric to stop smoking. Once cooled, the fabric will have transformed into charcloth, which can be used as an effective tinder for starting fires with even the smallest spark.
Creating a fire piston
A fire piston is a clever device that uses compression and air to ignite a fire. To create a fire piston, you’ll need a hollow cylinder, such as a metal tube or PVC pipe, and a piston that fits tightly inside the cylinder. Carve a small divot or indentation at one end of the piston and place a piece of charcloth inside. Rapidly plunge the piston into the cylinder, compressing the air inside. The heat generated by the compression will ignite the charcloth, allowing you to transfer it to your tinder bundle and start a fire.
Using a magnifying glass
Harnessing the power of the sun, a magnifying glass can serve as an excellent fire-starting tool. Find a sunny spot and position the magnifying glass to focus a small, concentrated beam of sunlight onto your tinder bundle. Hold the magnifying glass steady and patiently wait for the beam to heat up the tinder. Once the tinder begins to smolder, gently blow on it to create a flame. This method requires clear skies and direct sunlight, but it is a reliable and simple way to start a fire in an emergency situation.
Building a fire with soda cans
If you have a couple of empty soda cans lying around, you can transform them into a makeshift fire starting tool. Cut the bottom off one of the cans and make several evenly spaced, V-shaped notches around the rim of the can. Place the other can upside down and rub the notched rim against it in a sawing motion. The friction between the cans will generate enough heat to ignite dry tinder. This method requires practice and precision, but it can be a valuable skill to have when conventional fire-starting methods are unavailable.
Shelter
Using a tarp and rope
When it comes to building a quick and reliable shelter, a tarp and rope can be your best friends. Find two sturdy trees or objects to tie your rope between, creating a ridgeline. Drape the tarp over the ridgeline and secure the corners and sides with stakes or rocks. Make sure to angle the tarp downward on one side to prevent rainwater from pooling. This simple setup provides protection from the elements and can be easily modified to suit your needs.
Repurposing a garbage bag
In a survival situation, a common household item like a garbage bag can be repurposed into a waterproof shelter. Open up the garbage bag and cut a slit at one end to create an opening for your head. Put the bag on like a poncho and secure it around your waist with a belt or cord. You can also use sticks or branches to create support by propping them up inside the bag for added stability. This makeshift shelter provides a barrier against rain and wind, helping to maintain body heat and keep you dry.
Building a debris shelter
If you find yourself in a forested area, building a debris shelter can provide excellent protection and insulation. Start by finding a sturdy tree or large branch as a central support. Leaning sticks against the support, create a framework with a steep angle and plenty of space inside. Cover the framework with layers of leaves, pine needles, and other forest debris. This natural insulation helps to trap heat and keeps you well-protected from the elements. Be sure to reinforce the structure and adjust the design based on the available materials in your surroundings.
Creating a shelter with a poncho
If you have a poncho in your survival kit or backpack, you can quickly create a shelter by utilizing its versatile design. Find two trees or objects to tie a rope between, creating a ridgeline. Lay the poncho flat on the ground and tie the corners to stakes or objects to create a tent-like structure. Adjust the height and tightness of the poncho to your liking. This shelter provides a waterproof barrier, allowing you to stay dry and protected from rain and wind.
Using a car as makeshift shelter
In emergency situations, your vehicle can serve as a temporary shelter, providing protection from the elements and a safe place to rest. Park your car in a location that offers some level of safety, away from potential dangers and hazards. Keep the windows cracked open for ventilation and ensure your exhaust pipe is clear to prevent carbon monoxide buildup. Utilize blankets, clothes, or any available materials to insulate yourself from the cold. While a car shouldn’t be considered a permanent shelter, it can offer a reliable and easily accessible option during challenging times.
Food
Catching fish with a plastic bottle
If you find yourself near a body of water and in need of food, a plastic bottle can be repurposed into a simple fish trap. Cut off the threaded portion of the bottle and invert it, placing it inside the bottle to create a funnel. Bait the trap by placing small bits of food, insects, or other bait near the opening. Submerge the trap in the water, leaving the top above the surface. Fish will be lured into the narrow opening but will have difficulty finding their way out. Check the trap periodically to see if you have caught any fish to cook and enjoy.
Making an improvised fishing hook
If you don’t have a fishing hook but need to catch fish for sustenance, you can craft an improvised fishing hook from various materials. Look for a sturdy stick or twig with a naturally curved shape. Carve a small notch at the end of the stick to create a barb. You can also use bone, shell, or other materials with a natural curve as a makeshift hook. Attach your improvised hook to a fishing line, tie it securely, and bait it with insects or bits of food. Cast your line into the water and wait patiently for a fish to bite.
Foraging for edible plants
In a survival situation, foraging for edible plants can provide you with important nutrients and sustenance. Familiarize yourself with common edible plants found in your area and learn to identify them correctly. Look for plants with recognizable characteristics, such as familiar leaves, flowers, or fruits. Be cautious and avoid plants that may be poisonous or have toxic look-alikes. Remember to forage responsibly, only taking what you need and respecting the natural environment. When in doubt, consult a reliable guidebook or seek guidance from local experts.
Making a survival snare
When traditional fishing or hunting methods are unavailable, a survival snare can be an effective way to catch small game for food. Select a location where animals are likely to pass through, such as game trails or near their den. Create a loop using a strong cord or wire, ensuring it is large enough to fit around the animal’s neck or limbs. Set up the snare by attaching one end firmly to a tree or other sturdy anchor point, and position the loop in a strategic location. Check the snare regularly to increase your chances of securing a catch.
Cooking with a tin can
A tin can is a versatile tool that can be repurposed into a cooking vessel in a survival scenario. Clean the can thoroughly and remove any labels or sharp edges. The can can be used to boil water, cook food, or even bake bread. Simply place the can directly over the fire or use a rack made from sticks to elevate it. This makeshift cooking method provides a convenient way to prepare meals and utilize available heat sources.
Tools
Creating a homemade knife
When you find yourself in a survival situation without a knife, you can create a simple homemade knife using various materials. Look for a sturdy piece of metal, such as a broken knife blade or a flat rock with a sharp edge. Attach a handle to the piece of metal using paracord or duct tape, ensuring it is secure and comfortable to hold. Sharpen the edge of the metal using a rough surface like a rock or another piece of metal. While this homemade knife may not be as durable or sharp as a professional one, it can serve its purpose in survival situations.
Crafting a spear
A spear can be a valuable tool for hunting or self-defense in a survival scenario. Find a straight and sturdy branch, ideally around 6 to 8 feet long. Sharpen one end to create a pointed tip, either by carving with a knife or using abrasive materials like rocks. Secure the spearhead in place by tying it securely with paracord, rope, or vines. A spear can be used to catch small game, fish, or even for protection against larger animals. Remember to use caution and ensure you are legally allowed to hunt in the area you are in.
Using a soda can for cooking
If you don’t have access to a stove or cooking pot, a soda can can be transformed into a simple cooking vessel. Cut off the top of the can, leaving a wide opening. Rinse out the can thoroughly to remove any residue. You can use the soda can to cook small portions of food by placing it directly over a lit flame. This method is best suited for boiling water, heating soup, or cooking simple meals that require minimal ingredients and preparation.
Making a bow drill
A bow drill is a primitive fire-starting tool that can be made using readily available materials. Find a sturdy, straight stick and carve a small depression or notch near one end. This will be the drill part of the bow drill. Create a small bow using a flexible branch or piece of paracord, tying it securely to each end of the stick. Use another piece of wood as the fireboard and carve a shallow groove in it. Place the fireboard on a stable surface and insert the drill into the groove. By using the bow to rapidly move the drill back and forth, friction generates heat, eventually creating an ember that can be transferred to your tinder bundle to start a fire.
Turning a soda can into a stove
A soda can can be repurposed into a simple and efficient portable stove for cooking or boiling water. Cut off the top and bottom of the can, leaving a cylinder. Make evenly spaced, vertical cuts around the top of the can, ensuring they extend about halfway down. These cuts will serve as ventilation holes. Fill the bottom of the can with a small amount of fuel, such as rubbing alcohol or denatured alcohol. Light the fuel and place a pot or pan on top of the stove. The ventilation holes will allow oxygen to enter, enabling the fuel to burn efficiently and provide heat for cooking.
Lighting
Creating an oil lamp
An oil lamp is a reliable and long-lasting lighting solution that can be easily made using household materials. Fill a heat-resistant container, such as a glass jar or can, with a small amount of oil, leaving enough room for a wick. Insert a length of absorbent material, such as a cotton ball or strip of cloth, into the container, making sure it is immersed in the oil. Let the wick soak in the oil for a few minutes before lighting it. The oil will provide a steady and controlled flame, offering you a valuable source of light during darker hours.
Using a crayon as a candle
In situations where candles are not available, a crayon can be repurposed as a makeshift candle. Simply remove the paper wrapper from the crayon and light the tip using a match or lighter. The wax of the crayon will serve as the candle’s fuel, allowing it to burn steadily and provide light. Place the lit crayon in a heat-resistant container to prevent any wax from dripping onto surfaces. This creative solution can be particularly helpful in emergencies or when you need a portable and compact lighting option.
Making a DIY lantern
A lantern can provide a more widespread and controlled source of light in a survival situation. To create a DIY lantern, you’ll need a clean, empty can and a candle or light source. Punch holes around the sides of the can, spaced evenly apart, using a nail or another sharp object. The holes will allow the light from the candle or source to escape, creating a warm and ambient glow. Place the candle or light source in the center of the can and light it. This simple yet effective lantern will enhance visibility and provide a comforting atmosphere.
Crafting a solar-powered light
Harnessing the power of the sun, a solar-powered light can be created using basic materials. Find a clear plastic or glass bottle and fill it with water. Add a small amount of bleach to prevent algae growth. Place the bottle in an area that receives direct sunlight during the day. The water inside the bottle will refract the sunlight, creating a natural and energy-efficient light source. This solar-powered light can be placed indoors or outdoors, providing illumination during nighttime hours without the need for electricity or batteries.
Repurposing a flashlight
In situations where your flashlight runs out of batteries, you can still salvage it by repurposing the components. Remove the dead batteries from the flashlight and replace them with new batteries if available. Alternatively, you can create a makeshift battery by connecting several pieces of conductive material, such as foil or coins, to bridge the connection between the flashlight’s contacts. This temporary solution may not provide as much power or longevity as standard batteries, but it can extend the life of your flashlight when you need it most.
First Aid
Creating a makeshift splint
Injuries in a survival situation may require a makeshift splint to stabilize broken bones or sprained joints. Find a sturdy and straight object, such as a straight branch, stick, or even a rolled-up magazine, to use as the splint. Gently position the splint alongside the injured limb, immobilizing it and reducing movement. Secure the splint in place using cloth strips, shoelaces, or any available material, tying them firmly but not too tight to restrict blood flow. A makeshift splint can help alleviate pain, prevent further injury, and provide temporary stability until professional medical help is available.
Using a tampon for wound dressing
In emergency situations where traditional first aid supplies are not readily available, a tampon can be repurposed for wound dressing. Sterilize the tampon as best as possible by using boiling water or an antiseptic solution if available. Gently place the tampon onto the wound, using its absorbent material to help control bleeding. Secure the tampon in place using strips of cloth, bandages, or adhesive tape. Keep in mind that this method is for temporary wound management and does not replace professional medical care.
Crafting a butterfly bandage
Butterfly bandages are adhesive strips that can be used to close small cuts or wounds. In the absence of ready-made butterfly bandages, you can create your own using adhesive tape or even duct tape. Cut several small strips of tape and position them over the cut, pulling the skin together to promote healing. Ensure the tape is firmly secured on both sides of the wound. Butterfly bandages can provide additional support for small cuts, helping to reduce the risk of infection and promoting faster healing.
Making a tourniquet
A tourniquet is a vital tool in stopping severe bleeding in emergency situations. Find a wide, sturdy strip of cloth, such as a belt, bandana, or shirt, to create a makeshift tourniquet. Place the cloth a few inches above the bleeding wound, ensuring it is not over a joint. Tie a knot and secure it with a stick or rod. Twist the stick to tighten the tourniquet, cutting off blood supply to the wound. Take note of the time when the tourniquet was applied and seek immediate medical attention as a tourniquet should only be used as a last resort.
Creating a hot/cold compress
Hot and cold compresses can be effective in relieving pain, reducing swelling, and promoting healing. In the absence of ice packs or hot water bottles, you can create a makeshift compress using various materials. For a cold compress, wet a cloth with cold water or wrap ice cubes in a towel. Apply the compress to the affected area for short intervals, allowing it to reduce inflammation and provide relief. For a hot compress, soak a cloth in warm water or heat it in a pot. Make sure the temperature is comfortable and safe before applying it to the affected area. This homemade solution can provide temporary relief until proper medical care is available.
Navigation
Using a makeshift compass
When facing unfamiliar terrain, a makeshift compass can help you maintain a sense of direction. Find a small piece of metal, such as a sewing needle or pin, and rub it against a magnet or a piece of silk or wool. This creates a temporary magnetic charge in the metal. Carefully place the metal on a leaf or cork and float it on still water. Due to its magnetic properties, the metal will align with the Earth’s magnetic field, pointing roughly north and south. This basic method can give you a general sense of direction, helping you navigate your surroundings.
Creating a sundial
A sundial is a simple tool that can be used to tell time and approximate your location based on the position of the sun. Find a stick or vertical object and position it upright in a sunny area with unobstructed views of the sky. Mark the ground with a small stone or stick at the end of the stick’s shadow. Wait for some time, ideally an hour or two, and mark the ground again at the end of the new shadow. The distance between the two marks represents the passage of time, allowing you to estimate the approximate time of day.
Using the stars for direction
Stargazing can provide valuable information about your location and direction. Familiarize yourself with prominent constellations and their positions in the night sky. Look for the North Star (Polaris), which can serve as a reliable point of reference. The North Star marks the direction of true north in the Northern Hemisphere. By identifying other constellations and their positions, you can also determine your approximate latitude. This method requires clear skies and some knowledge of celestial navigation, but it can be an invaluable skill in navigating during the night.
Making a map with natural materials
Creating a map using natural materials can help you navigate your surroundings and mark important locations. Find a flat and smooth piece of bark, stone, or even a leaf as your base for the map. Use a stick or sharp object to draw relevant landmarks, such as rivers, hills, trees, and significant locations. You can also use natural pigments, like crushed berries or charcoal, to add color and detail to your map. Keep updating and modifying your map as you explore, ensuring it remains a helpful and accurate navigation tool.
Crafting a makeshift GPS
In the absence of modern navigation tools, you can create a simple and low-tech GPS (Global Positioning System) using the sun and a watch. Find a level and open area where the sun’s shadow is clearly visible. Mark the ground where the tip of the shadow falls. Wait for 15 minutes and mark the ground at the new position of the shadow’s tip. This creates two points that represent an east-west line. Stand with your left foot on the first mark and your right foot on the second mark. Face the sun, and you will be approximately facing north. Combining this method with other natural navigation techniques can help you navigate more accurately.
Communication
Creating a DIY signal mirror
A signal mirror can be a crucial tool for attracting attention and signaling for help in a survival situation. Find a piece of glass or other reflective material and shape it into a small mirror. Polish the mirror surface to ensure maximum reflectivity. When trying to attract attention, hold the mirror flat in one hand and aim it toward your target by aligning its reflection with the desired direction. Flash the mirror’s reflection towards the intended recipient or in the sky to increase the chances of being seen. This simple DIY tool can greatly increase your visibility and chances of rescue.
Using a whistle for signaling
A whistle is a powerful yet compact signaling device that can easily fit into a survival kit or pocket. By blowing into a whistle, you can produce a loud and attention-grabbing sound that carries over long distances. The sound of a whistle carries further than shouting and can help rescuers locate your position. Establish a pattern of three short blasts followed by a short pause to create a signal that is universally recognized as a call for help. Keep in mind that a whistle can exhaust your energy, so use it sparingly and judiciously.
Crafting a makeshift antenna
A makeshift antenna can help improve the range and reception of a radio or communication device in emergency situations. Find a long, thin piece of wire or any conductive material and attach it to your device’s antenna port. Extend the wire as high as possible, securing it to a tree, pole, or other tall object. The elevated antenna improves signal strength and extends the transmitting and receiving range. This simple solution can make a significant difference in ensuring successful communication and receiving important updates or assistance.
Using a cell phone as a distress signal
Cell phones can offer a lifeline in survival situations, allowing you to reach out for help. Even without a signal or reception, a cell phone can still be used as a distress signal. Activate the phone’s flashlight or camera flash and use it to create long and short light patterns, such as Morse code, to signal for help. Point the light towards potential rescuers or landmarks to maximize visibility. Additionally, try climbing to higher ground or an open area to increase your chances of connecting to available networks or obtaining a signal.
Making a smoke signal
Smoke signals have been used for centuries as a means of communication across long distances. Find a suitable spot to build a fire, ensuring it will be visible from a distance. Create a small smoky fire using dry and combustible materials. Once the fire produces a steady stream of smoke, pile green vegetation or damp materials onto the fire to create thick, billowing smoke. By carefully adjusting the fire and materials, you can vary the intensity and duration of the smoke signal. This visual communication method has been widely recognized as a call for assistance and can help draw attention to your location.
Self-defense
Creating a DIY slingshot
A slingshot can be a useful tool for self-defense or hunting small game. Find a Y-shaped branch or frame with an elastic and sturdy band or strip of material. Attach the band to the frame, ensuring it is secure and tight. Create a pouch from a small piece of cloth or material and attach it to the band. Place a projectile, such as small rocks or marbles, into the pouch. To use the slingshot, hold the frame steady with one hand, pull back the band with the projectile, and release, aiming at your intended target. This makeshift weapon requires practice and accuracy, so give yourself time to familiarize yourself with its operation.
Using a spray bottle for pepper spray
When faced with a potential threat, a spray bottle can be transformed into a makeshift pepper spray for self-defense. Fill the spray bottle with a mixture of water and a small amount of liquid soap or ground pepper. Ensure the spray bottle nozzle is set to mist or fine spray mode. When in close proximity to the threat, aim for the assailant’s eyes and spray them with the solution. This can cause temporary irritation, pain, and temporary blindness, allowing you to escape or neutralize the situation. Be mindful that homemade pepper spray may not be as potent or reliable as commercial options, so exercise caution and use it only when necessary.
Crafting a makeshift baton
A makeshift baton can provide an extra layer of self-defense in a survival situation. Find a sturdy and straight stick or piece of wood with a substantial weight. Use a knife or abrasive surface to smooth out any rough or jagged edges. The baton can be used for striking or as a deterrent against potential threats. Keep in mind that self-defense should always be a last resort and prioritize avoiding dangerous situations whenever possible.
Making a PVC pipe blowgun
A blowgun can offer a silent and effective means of hunting small game or for self-defense. Find a piece of PVC pipe, preferably around 4-6 feet long, and ensure the inner diameter is suitable for your purpose. Use a hacksaw or appropriate cutting tool to trim the pipe to the desired length. Smooth out any rough edges or burrs to ensure clean airflow. Craft small, lightweight darts or projectiles using straight pins or small nails. Load a dart into the blowgun, aim at your target, and forcefully blow through the pipe to send the dart flying. This DIY blowgun requires practice and precision, so start with smaller distances and gradually improve your accuracy.
Using keys as brass knuckles
Keys can serve as a makeshift self-defense tool in close-quarter situations. Place a key between your fingers, with the pointed end protruding beyond your fist. Grip the key firmly and use it to strike an attacker’s vulnerable areas, such as the eyes, throat, or groin. This can create pain and disorientation, buying you time to escape or find help. Remember, self-defense should be used as a last resort and prioritizing personal safety and avoidance is always the best course of action.